2025s Best Water Damage Services in Sycamore

2025s Best Water Damage Services in Sycamore

When it comes to finding the best water damage services in Sycamore for the year 2025, you might think its a walk in the park. Water Damage Restoration in Sycamore: What to Expect in 2025 . But hey, lets not kid ourselves-its not as easy as it seems! With so many options available, it can be quite a task to sift through them all and find the right match for your needs. However, by doing a little digging (and maybe asking around), youll be on your way to finding the perfect service that fits the bill.


Firstly, one shouldnt underestimate the importance of experience in this field. Water damage restoration requires a certain level of expertise and know-how. Its not something you want to hand over to just anyone! Companies that have been around for a while have likely seen it all (from minor leaks to major floods) and know how to handle any situation that comes their way. Theyve been tested by time and have probably honed their skills to perfection.


But experience isnt the only thing that matters. Oh no, theres more to consider! Customer service is another crucial factor. You dont want to be left in the dark or feel like just another number on a list. A good water damage service will keep you informed every step of the way, ensuring youre comfortable and aware of whats happening in your home. Theyll treat you like a person, not just a client, which makes all the difference.


Moreover, technology and equipment play a significant role in the effectiveness of these services. The best companies are the ones that keep up with the latest advancements and invest in state-of-the-art equipment. This not only makes the process more efficient but also ensures that the job is done right the first time. You wouldnt want them to come back again and again, would you?


But lets not forget about pricing. While you shouldnt necessarily go for the cheapest option (because quality often comes at a price), its also important not to break the bank. Many reputable companies offer competitive pricing and even provide free estimates, so you wont be hit with any unexpected costs. This transparency is key to building trust and ensuring youre getting good value for your money.


In 2025, Sycamore residents will be looking for water damage services that are reliable, professional, and, above all, effective. Its not too much to ask for a company that checks all these boxes, is it? So, when youre on the hunt for the best service, keep these factors in mind, and youll be well on your way to making an informed decision. Remember, its not just about fixing the problem-its about finding a partner you can rely on when things get a little wet and wild.

 

Galena is located in the United States
Galena
Galena
 
Galena, Illinois
Main Street in 2023
Main Street in 2023
Official seal of Galena, Illinois
Etymology: Galena ore
Location of Galena in Jo Daviess County, Illinois
Location of Galena in Jo Daviess County, Illinois
Galena is located in Illinois
Galena
Galena
 

Coordinates: 42°25′N 90°26′W / 42.417°N 90.433°W / 42.417; -90.433CountryUnited StatesStateIllinoisCountyJo DaviessTownshipEast Galena, West Galena, and RawlinsSettled1690s (French)[1]Founded1826[2]Incorporated1835[3]Chartered1841[2]Government

 

 • TypeGalena City Hall • MayorTerrence Renner • City Council

  • Charles Fach – Ward I
  • Todd Lincoln – Ward II
  • Jerry Kieffer – Ward III
  • Emily Painter – Ward IV
  • Laverne Greene – At Large
  • Pam Bernstein – At Large

Area

 • Total

4.51 sq mi (11.67 km2) • Land4.50 sq mi (11.65 km2) • Water0.01 sq mi (0.02 km2)Elevation

633 ft (193 m)Population

 • Total

3,308 • Density736.4/sq mi (284.3/km2)Time zoneUTC-6 (North American Central (CST)) • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)ZIP Code(s)

61036

Area code815FIPS code17-28300Wikimedia CommonsGalena, IllinoisWebsitehttp://www.cityofgalena.org/

Galena is the largest city in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat.[7] It had a population of 3,308 at the 2020 census.[6] A 581-acre (235 ha) section of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Galena Historic District. The city is named for the mineral galena, which was in the ore that formed the basis for the region's early lead mining economy.

Native Americans, primarily Meskwaki, Ho-Chunk, Sauk, and Menominee had mined galena in the area for more than a thousand years before European Americans settled in the area.[8] Owing to these deposits, Galena was the site of the first major mineral rush in the United States. By 1828, the population was estimated at 10,000, rivaling the population of Chicago at the time. Galena developed as the largest steamboat hub on the Mississippi River north of St. Louis. Galena was the home of Ulysses S. Grant and eight other Civil War generals. Today, the city is a tourist destination known for its history, architecture, and resorts.

History

[edit]

Precolonial and colonial history

[edit]
A large galena crystal from the Galena mines

The city is named for galena,[9] the natural form of lead sulfide (PbS) and the most important lead ore.[10] Native Americans mined the ore for use in burial rituals.[11] The Havana Hopewell first traded galena in the area during the Middle Woodland period (c. 1–400 CE). However, the use of galena in the Havana territory is uncertain; very little has been identified in burial mounds.[12] During the Mississippian period (900–1500 CE), galena saw use as body paint.[13]

In 1658 French explorers, probably via contact with the Sioux, first noted lead deposits in the Upper Mississippi Valley. A 1703 French map identified the northwestern Illinois area as mines de plumb.[14] Northwestern Illinois was inhabited by the Sauk and Meskwaki when the French arrived.[2] In the 1690s, French trappers discovered the area and began mining the lead.[1][15] However, conflicts with the Sioux prevented large-scale mining until Julien Dubuque's Mines opened across the river in 1788.[14]

The French named the settlement as La Pointe, and early American settlers adopted this name as "The Point" after the United States acquired the territory in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Early documentation officially records the name as "Fever River" for the wild beans that grew there, an early name for the Galena River.

This name did not appear to be widely used.[16] George Davenport, a retired colonel in the United States Army, successfully shipped Galena's first boatload of lead ore in 1816 down the Mississippi River. Three years later, Jesse W. Shull built a trading post.[17] The Thomas H. January family, who arrived in 1821 from Maysville, Kentucky, are considered the first permanent American settlers. The next year, the US Department of War assumed control of the mines and leased the lands out to operators.[18] A large group of colonists led by Dr. Moses Meeker and James Harris arrived in 1823.[19] Steamboat trade began in 1824.[17]

American Boomtown

[edit]
The Dowling House (1826–27) is the oldest building in Galena.

The first official lease of the mines on behalf of the US government was dated September 30, 1822, and made to James Johnson, brother of US Senator Richard Mentor Johnson. Martin Thomas, appointed by the government in 1824 to oversee mine leases, was commissioned to survey the mines in 1826.[20]

The name "Galena" was purportedly proposed during a town meeting that year; rejected names included Jackson, Harrison, and Jo Daviess. After Thomas platted the town, starting in June 1827, settlers could lease plots from the government. The land remained in government possession until the leasing system was eased out in 1836–37.[19] When Jo Daviess County was founded in 1827, Galena was named its county seat. This established the first courts in Galena; previous legal proceedings were heard in front of the Superintendent of Lead Mines.[21] 21 million pounds of lead were mined in Galena from 1825 to 1828, and the population skyrocketed in that time from 200 to 10,000.[22]

Local native tribes, then mostly Meskwaki and Ho-Chunk, permitted settlers to mine in established areas in Galena. However, the growth of the city led settlers to encroach on native land claims, as they sought new veins of lead.[23] Following a murder of a pioneer family near Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, by the Winnebago, Galena closed its mines for safety and European-American residents prepared for war. They constructed forts at nearby Elizabeth and Apple River; although these were not used during the conflict, the forts provided residents with security and protection.[24] The ensuing Winnebago War was little more than a skirmish, but as a result, the US annexed more lands near the city in the resulting 1829 Treaty of Prairie du Chien which they forced on the Winnebago.

A meeting of townspeople on February 1, 1830, established the first fire department.[25] At a town meeting at the county courthouse on September 7, 1835, sixty-five residents approved a motion for incorporation as a town. Eight days later, five individuals were elected as the first trustees. Incorporation was approved by the county board of trustees on October 2, and the first meeting of trustees occurred the next day.[3] The 15th Illinois General Assembly (1836–37) codified the trustee election process.[26] A steamboat was selected as the town seal on May 22, 1837.[27]

A state law governing local jurisdictions resulted in the town holding its first elections for mayor and aldermen on May 24, 1841, to replace the board of trustees. Charles S. Hempstead was elected the first mayor, with 185 of the 356 votes cast. The first US census of the town was also held that year, recording 1,900 inhabitants. Hempstead would serve until 1845.[28]

Geological map of Galena area with the location of key mines noted

Indigenous peoples of the Americas traded galena with French traders as early as 1692. Julien Dubuque mined the ore in Iowa from 1788 until 1810. From 1807 until 1834, the United States government controlled leases, after which the lands were put up for sale. In 1839, David Dale Owen made a geologic survey of the region. The Ordovician Galena limestone contained most of the galena ore, and peak productivity occurred between 1840 and 1850. By 1845 Galena was producing nearly 27,000 tons of lead ore annually, and Jo Daviess County was producing 80 percent of the lead in the United States.[17] In 1852, the region produced 87 percent of the American output, and 10 percent of the world's,[29] with pollutants from Galena's industry found as far away as Lake Matoaka in Tidewater Virginia.[30]

Once one of the most important cities in the state, Galena was a hub on the Mississippi River between St. Louis and St. Paul. Due to erosion, the Galena River is now inaccessible to steamboats. The first railroad built in Chicago, the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, was intended to join the two cities but construction ended in 1853 at Freeport. Trackage between Freeport and Galena was completed by the Illinois Central Railroad in 1854, and later extended west to Dubuque, Sioux City, and Council Bluffs. Galena received national attention in the 1860s as the home of Ulysses S. Grant.

Decline

[edit]

Following a sharp decline in the demand for lead (which had been the city's chief income source during the early 19th century), Galena's population has dropped from 14,000 in the mid-19th century, to 3,396 in the early 21st century.[2][31]

Today

[edit]
View of downtown Galena

Galena's official flag was adopted in 1976 to symbolize mining, agriculture, steamboats, and the nine American Civil War generals who lived in the city. Until the late 1980s, Galena was a small rural farming community.[citation needed]

In 1990, local industries included a Kraft Foods cheese plant, Lemfco Foundry, John Westwick's foundry, and Microswitch, Inc. In the 1980s, Galena Mayor Frank Einsweiler initiated a tourist campaign.[citation needed] Since that time Galena's business district has emphasized its historic assets in the face of suburban development. Such long-standing businesses in the downtown area, including Stair's Grocery, Sullivan's Grocery, Clingman's Pharmacy, the oldest continuously operating pharmacy in Illinois, and Hartig Drug, closed their downtown locations. Clingman's and Hartig's relocated to the outskirts of Galena, while Stair's and Sullivan's closed their doors permanently because of competition. In late 2010, Clingman's joined the Hartig's family and moved their pharmacy to Hartig's Drugs location along Highway 20.[citation needed]

The Country Fair in Grant Park has been an attraction that has helped increase tourist traffic to Galena as a destination. It is a craft show that attracts thousands of visitors to the area.[citation needed] The once boarded-up Main Street buildings have been renovated since the late 20th century. In 2010, Galena started a campaign called Vision2020, modeled after neighbor Dubuque, Iowa's Vision 2010. A committee worked on outreach efforts with the community to form a vision of what residents wanted Galena to focus on for the next decade: five major concepts have been supported.[citation needed] In 2010, the 32nd annual Halloween Parade attendance was estimated at 15,000. In 2011, TripAdvisor listed Galena among its top-ten "Charming Small Towns".[citation needed]

Geography

[edit]
US 20/IL 84 bridge over the Galena River

Galena is located at

42°25′5″N 90°25′53″W / 42.41806°N 90.43139°W / 42.41806; -90.43139 (42.418171, −90.431472)[32] along the Galena River, which is one of many tributaries of the Mississippi River.[17]

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Galena has a total area of 4.51 square miles (11.68 km2), of which 4.50 square miles (11.65 km2) (or 99.82%) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) (or 0.18%) is water.[33]

Galena is located in the Driftless Zone, an area that was not covered by glaciers during the recent ice ages.[2] This area, which includes the far northwestern corner of Illinois, escaped glaciation, while almost the entire state was glaciated, nearly to its southern tip.[34] Because it escaped glaciation, this area is known for its hills, valleys, bluffs and considerable exposed rock.[2]

Horseshoe Mound is a hill located outside Galena that U.S. 20 winds around before entering Galena. The view from Horseshoe Mound is one of the most photographed spots in the city. It stands at 1,063 feet (324 m) above sea level.

Climate

[edit]

Galena has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa), with cold winters and hot summers.[35] Annual precipitation is about 36 inches, with a distinct peak in summer.

Climate data for Galena (1991–2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 59
(15)
69
(21)
85
(29)
88
(31)
92
(33)
101
(38)
101
(38)
102
(39)
94
(34)
91
(33)
77
(25)
68
(20)
102
(39)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 26.9
(−2.8)
31.4
(−0.3)
44.5
(6.9)
57.4
(14.1)
68.9
(20.5)
78.2
(25.7)
82.0
(27.8)
80.3
(26.8)
74.1
(23.4)
60.9
(16.1)
45.6
(7.6)
32.6
(0.3)
56.9
(13.8)
Daily mean °F (°C) 18.5
(−7.5)
22.5
(−5.3)
34.5
(1.4)
46.8
(8.2)
58.2
(14.6)
68.3
(20.2)
71.9
(22.2)
69.9
(21.1)
62.3
(16.8)
50.1
(10.1)
36.7
(2.6)
24.7
(−4.1)
47.0
(8.3)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 10.0
(−12.2)
13.6
(−10.2)
24.4
(−4.2)
36.2
(2.3)
47.4
(8.6)
58.3
(14.6)
61.7
(16.5)
59.5
(15.3)
50.5
(10.3)
39.3
(4.1)
27.7
(−2.4)
16.8
(−8.4)
37.1
(2.8)
Record low °F (°C) −33
(−36)
−35
(−37)
−14
(−26)
12
(−11)
21
(−6)
33
(1)
39
(4)
37
(3)
19
(−7)
10
(−12)
−2
(−19)
−29
(−34)
−35
(−37)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 1.23
(31)
1.53
(39)
2.25
(57)
3.89
(99)
4.38
(111)
6.02
(153)
4.93
(125)
4.19
(106)
3.86
(98)
3.02
(77)
2.48
(63)
1.82
(46)
39.60
(1,006)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 10.3
(26)
9.0
(23)
5.1
(13)
1.3
(3.3)
0.3
(0.76)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.4
(1.0)
2.0
(5.1)
9.5
(24)
37.9
(96)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 8.5 7.6 8.9 11.0 13.0 11.8 9.3 9.8 9.1 9.4 8.4 9.2 116.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 7.2 5.9 3.6 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.5 5.8 24.8
Source 1: NOAA[36][37]
Source 2: The Weather Channel (records)[38]
Floodgates in downtown Galena
Photo of former Galena High School, now a multi-family residential condominium building

Because of the city's proximity to the Galena River, buildings have been threatened on numerous occasions by flooding. Eventually the Army Corps of Engineers built a dike to prevent city flooding.[39] Galena's Congressman, Leo E. Allen, helped acquire funding for city floodgates which were added in 1951 to connect to the river levee system.[39] Significant recorded floods include:

  • 1828 – In Galena's first recorded flood, the water was high enough to allow steamboats to travel on city streets.[39]
  • 1937 – A flood inundated Main Street with up to five feet of water, causing serious damage to downtown buildings.[39]
  • 1972 – A storm upstream caused the flood gates to be closed but the river flooded the sewage treatment plant and backed up sanitary and storm sewers. Sandbags were placed around storm manholes to keep water from flooding the downtown with three feet of water.[citation needed]
  • 1993 – Almost eight feet of water threatened downtown Galena, but was stopped by the city's floodgates. Late spring season rainfall led the Mississippi and Galena Rivers to their highest recorded levels.[39][40]
  • 2010 – On July 22, eight inches of rainfall in one night caused the river to swell to twice its usual level. The flood gates were closed, protecting downtown, but many businesses and homes reported damages to basements and lower levels. Had the flood gates not been in place, it was estimated that six feet of water would have covered Main Street. Damages were estimated between $7–8 million. President Obama declared the county a federal disaster area on August 19.[41]
  • 2011 – In a 12-hour period between July 27 and 28, Galena received between 10 and 15 inches of rain. The Galena River rose to more than twice its normal height and possibly its highest recorded level since the floodgates were erected. The Grant Park sign, built in the 19th century, was washed away and there were major damages to downtown businesses, the city's trail system and roads. Initial damage estimates were around $16 million.[42]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
Census Pop. Note
1850 6,004  
1860 8,196   36.5%
1870 7,019   −14.4%
1880 6,451   −8.1%
1890 5,635   −12.6%
1900 5,005   −11.2%
1910 4,835   −3.4%
1920 4,742   −1.9%
1930 3,878   −18.2%
1940 4,126   6.4%
1950 4,648   12.7%
1960 4,410   −5.1%
1970 3,930   −10.9%
1980 3,876   −1.4%
1990 3,647   −5.9%
2000 3,460   −5.1%
2010 3,429   −0.9%
2020 3,308   −3.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[43]

As of the 2020 census[44] there were 3,308 people, 1,656 households, and 883 families residing in the city. The population density was 734.13 inhabitants per square mile (283.45/km2). There were 2,008 housing units at an average density of 445.63 per square mile (172.06/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 87.55% White, 0.76% African American, 0.51% Native American, 0.63% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 4.35% from other races, and 6.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.49% of the population.

There were 1,656 households, out of which 18.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.41% were married couples living together, 7.31% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.68% were non-families. 40.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.96% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 1.86.

The city's age distribution consisted of 17.5% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 19.7% from 25 to 44, 25% from 45 to 64, and 30.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 53.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 72.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $57,558, and the median income for a family was $73,309. Males had a median income of $32,321 versus $27,975 for females. The per capita income for the city was $40,456. About 1.9% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 12.8% of those age 65 or over.

Culture

[edit]

Galena is the home to the Galena Art Center and the Galena Arts and Recreation Center. Turner Hall, a 19th-century building on Bench St., has been restored to serve as a performance venue and a popular wedding site. Galena is also home to several historic sites owned by the State of Illinois including the Old Market House, the Ulysses S Grant Home, and the E.B. Washburn Home. The Galena/Jo Daviess County Historical Society also owns a number of historical sites including the Galena and U.S. Grant Museum and the Old Blacksmith Shop. They are building a new museum building at the site of the Stillman Mansion property.

Galena hosts dozens of major events a year, including the annual Halloween Parade which draws thousands of onlookers.

 
Panorama of Galena from the levee, (left) Methodist Church steeple, (center right) Lutheran Church steeple, (right) Presbyterian Church steeple

Tourism

[edit]

Galena is a popular tourist destination hosting well over one million visitors each year.[45] Galena is also popular with Chicagoans, many of whom keep second homes in the area.[46][47] Galena is largely popular as a result of its historic walkable urbanism, a rarity among American cities.[48]

Cityscape

[edit]
The Old Market House State Historic Site

85 percent of the structures in Galena are within the Galena Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and greatly contributes to the city's popularity.[1] The Old Market House State Historic Site, built in 1845, is a museum of local social history. Main Street was one of the first in the state to require architectural review of exterior building modifications. Zoning restrictions against wood-structure buildings contributed to the prevalence of brick buildings. All along Main Street the architectural style and historic feel create a unique atmosphere. Efforts to improve the existing infrastructure while preserving the character of this neighborhood continued in 2003 with the adoption of a comprehensive plan. The plan outlines details on burying utilities, replacing parking with bike lanes and several beautification initiatives. This historic district has garnered the attention of dozens of volunteer groups who work to beautify and increase the utility of the area. As the premier street in the second most popular tourist destination in Illinois those planning Main Street must be focused on balancing new developments along the waterway, and the transition to commercial stores with the charm provided by natural areas and long standing businesses. Trolley Cars follow parade routes north and south on Main Street and connect shopping to parks and wineries.[49] The town is home to several wineries in the Upper Mississippi River Valley AVA.[50] In the area, there are 450 vineyards and 100 wineries available to visit.[51] Main Street in downtown Galena has a large number of specialty shops, restaurants, a brewery,[52] and multiple wineries.

Galena's Saint Michael's Church was founded by the pioneer priest Father Samuel Mazzuchelli. The church is named after one of the three Archangels. Opened in 1855, the downtown DeSoto House Hotel is the oldest operating hotel in Illinois.[53] Rooms 209 and 211 of the hotel were used as Ulysses S. Grant's campaign headquarters during his presidential campaign.[54] Future president Abraham Lincoln gave a speech from the hotel's Main Street balcony on July 23, 1856, supporting John Fremont's bid for presidency. Two years later, on July 25, 1858, Senator Stephen Douglas spoke from the same balcony.[54] Other famous guests include Theodore Roosevelt, Mark Twain, Susan B. Anthony, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Horace Greeley, Frances Willard, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Robert E. Lee, Chief Black Hawk, Millard Fillmore, and Zachary Taylor.[55] General Winfield Scott Hancock stayed in Room 223 for an extended period of time. There are also several resorts and golf courses in the Galena area.[56][57] In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, Galena Main Street was selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places [58] by the American Institute of Architects Illinois component (AIA Illinois) and was recognized by USA Today Travel magazine, as one of AIA Illinois' selections for Illinois 25 Must See Places.[59]

Education

[edit]

John O. Hancock opened the first school in September 1826.[21] The Galena Academy followed in 1832.[60] Galena is home to Galena High School.

Notable people

[edit]

The nine generals

[edit]

Galena was the home to nine Civil War generals.[61][62] Foremost among these is Ulysses S. Grant, who first came to Galena with his wife Julia and children in 1860 to work in the family tannery and leather-good shop. A veteran of the Mexican–American War, Grant was called upon to train a regiment of volunteers raised in Galena when the Civil War broke out in 1861. Through the support of local congressman Elihu B. Washburne, Grant became Galena's first general when promoted by Abraham Lincoln on May 17, 1861. Washburne later served a brief stint as Grant's Secretary of State and then as Minister to France. Victories at Missionary Ridge and Lookout Mountain prompted Lincoln to promote Grant to lieutenant general on March 3, 1864, giving him command of all Union Armies.

Grant returned victorious to Galena in 1865 and the citizens gave him an Italianate two-story brick house, today recognized as the Ulysses S. Grant Home State Historic Site.[63] He was selected as the candidate of the Republican Party for the 1868 presidential election. Grant was elected and served two four-year terms. He did not return to Galena.

Augustus Louis Chetlain, who captained the regiment that Grant trained, was later brevetted to major general.[64] Jeweler John E. Smith, who raised the 45th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, was also brevetted a major general. Ely S. Parker drafted the Appomattox surrender terms of the Confederacy and was the only Native American general of the Union. President Grant appointed him Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 1869. John Aaron Rawlins, who served a term as city attorney in 1857, was brevetted in 1865 and briefly served as Grant's Secretary of War. Brevetted brigadier general John C. Smith later served as Illinois Treasurer, Lieutenant Governor, and Grand Master of the state Masonic order. Gunsmith Jasper A. Maltby was promoted to brigadier general at the Siege of Vicksburg. John Duerr was brevetted in 1865, and later was a successful merchant in Monticello, Iowa. William R. Rowley was brevetted in 1865, and later became a county judge.[65]

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Galena Area Chamber of Commerce via CommunityLink (November 15, 2004). "Lifestyle, Location & History". Archived from the original on December 5, 2006. Retrieved January 4, 2007.
  2. ^ a b c d e f City of Galena. "History". Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  3. ^ a b Kett 1878, pp. 458–461.
  4. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  5. ^ "USGS detail on Newtown". Retrieved October 21, 2007.
  6. ^ a b "2020 Decennial Census: Galena city, Illinois". data.census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  7. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  8. ^ Loew, Patty (2001). Indian Nations of Wisconsin. Wisconsin Historical Society Press. p. 42.
  9. ^ Galena Historical Society (June 21, 2006). "History Highlights". Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  10. ^ Mineral Information Institute (October 18, 2004). "Lead". Archived from the original on April 15, 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  11. ^ Walthall 1981, p. 3.
  12. ^ Walthall 1981, pp. 11–12.
  13. ^ Walthall 1981, p. 15.
  14. ^ a b Walthall 1981, p. 18.
  15. ^ Destination 360 (2007). "Galena Illinois". Retrieved April 13, 2007.cite web: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ Kett 1878, p. 448.
  17. ^ a b c d QuincyNet (August 2, 2005). "Galena". Archived from the original on November 20, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  18. ^ Kett 1878, p. 451.
  19. ^ a b Kett 1878, p. 452.
  20. ^ "Galena and Its Lead Mines". Harper's New Monthly Magazine. XXXII (CXCII): 686. May 1866. ISBN 9780938214021. Retrieved November 13, 2014. cite journal: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  21. ^ a b Kett 1878, p. 453.
  22. ^ Walthall 1981, p. 19.
  23. ^ Kett 1878, p. 274.
  24. ^ Kett 1878, pp. 275–277.
  25. ^ Kett 1878, p. 456.
  26. ^ Kett 1878, p. 464.
  27. ^ Kett 1878, p. 465.
  28. ^ Kett 1878, p. 474–475.
  29. ^ Bain, Harry (1905). "Zinc and lead deposits of northwestern Illinois". USGS Publications Warehouse. USGS: 10–11, 18–20. doi:10.3133/b246. Retrieved August 25, 2021.
  30. ^ McClain, Joseph (July 2, 2019). "Decoding Lake Matoaka's sedimental history of the anthropocene". Williamsburg-Yorktown Daily. Williamsburg, VA. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
  31. ^ United States Census Bureau. "2005 population estimate for Galena city". Archived from the original on February 16, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  32. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
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  35. ^ Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. "World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification". The University of Melbourne. Archived from the original on January 13, 2015. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  36. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  37. ^ "Station: Galena, IL". U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  38. ^ "Average Weather for Galena, IL (61036)". The Weather Channel, LLC. Retrieved November 13, 2014.
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  40. ^ Maier, David (April 17, 1998). "Wisconsin Journal, Number 26". Archived from the original on September 3, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  41. ^ "Illinois – Severe Storms and Flooding FEMA-1935-DR Declared August 19, 2010" (PDF). Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  42. ^ Speck, Addison. "Galena Faces Flood Damage After 13.5 Inches Of Rainfall". KCRG.com. Archived from the original on August 29, 2014. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
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  44. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
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  46. ^ Road Trip America (November 1, 2005). "Tritowns". Retrieved April 13, 2007.
  47. ^ Solomon, A. (June 5, 2005). Back to Galena. Chicago Tribune, p. 1, Travel.
  48. ^ "Why do We Think Walkable Towns Are Only for Tourists?". March 5, 2020.
  49. ^ APA. "Great Places in America". APA. Archived from the original on March 15, 2012. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
  50. ^ Maltman, Alex (March 2018). Vineyards, rocks, and soils : the wine lover's guide to geology. New York, NY. ISBN 978-0-19-086329-6. OCLC 1023575788.cite book: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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  52. ^ "Galena Brewing Company". www.galenabrewery.com. June 27, 2021. Retrieved June 27, 2021.
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  54. ^ a b "The DeSoto House Story – The Desoto House Hotel". Desotohouse.com. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
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Bibliography

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[edit]

 

 

Sycamore
Downtown Sycamore, looking west from the intersection of State and Main streets
Downtown Sycamore, looking west from the intersection of State and Main streets
Location of Sycamore in DeKalb County, Illinois
Location of Sycamore in DeKalb County, Illinois
Location of Illinois in the United States
Location of Illinois in the United States
Coordinates: 41°59′2″N 88°41′39″W / 41.98389°N 88.69417°W / 41.98389; -88.69417
Country United States
State Illinois
County DeKalb
Named after Sycamore tree
Area
 • Total
10.18 sq mi (26.36 km2)
 • Land 10.12 sq mi (26.21 km2)
 • Water 0.06 sq mi (0.15 km2)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
18,577
 • Density 1,835.67/sq mi (708.73/km2)
Time zone UTC−6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP Code(s)
60178
Area code 815
FIPS code 17-74223
Wikimedia Commons Sycamore, Illinois
Website www.cityofsycamore.com

Sycamore is a city in DeKalb County, Illinois, United States. It has a commercial district based and centered on Illinois Route 64. The population was 18,577 at the 2020 census,[2] up from 17,419 at the 2010 census. Sycamore is the county seat of DeKalb County and was named after the sycamore tree.

History

[edit]
Sycamore Public Library (1905), a Carnegie library

Early settlement

[edit]

The first European settlers to the Sycamore-area arrived in 1835 and concentrated themselves mostly north of the Kishwaukee River (the name of which means Sycamore) and the present site of Sycamore. The original town was platted by a New Yorker named Christian Sharer. A mill was constructed and the Kishwaukee dammed but the town failed. By 1837, after some controversy, the location of county seat was settled in favor of Orange, Sycamore's original name, and the settlement moved to the present-day site of the city.[3]

The present-day town site was platted by James Waterman and Evans Wharry in 1837 (the same year Chicago was founded). The first settler at the new site was Carlos Lattin, who preceded the town, having arrived in 1835.[3] Lattin staked a claim that included most of the present west side of the city and erected his first cabin just north of downtown.[3]

County seat location

[edit]

Early in the city's history, it seemed that Sycamore might not be the location of the DeKalb County Courthouse: other towns were vying for the county seat title. A now-defunct town called Brush Point was the choice of a Dr. Henry Madden; and the Clerk of the Court Rufus Colton would have preferred Coltonville, where he made his home.[4] Colton had set the first session of county court to be held at his home in Coltonville.[5] In his attempt to make Coltonville the county seat, Colton decided to hold a new election for the status in 1837. Colton made sure that Coltonville would win the election by telling only the population of Coltonville about it. His political tactics were eventually cancelled by an act of the Illinois General Assembly,[4] after the DeKalb County court intervened. When court convened the sheriff served a court order declaring Sycamore had built a Courthouse and that the Court session should be held there.[5] Afterward, Coltonville eventually suffered the same fate as Brush Point and disappeared from the map.[4] These events settled for a time the issue of where the courthouse and, in turn, the DeKalb County seat was going to be located.[5]

In 1903, as the county prepared to construct a new courthouse, the debate over county seat was reignited. This time, it was the city of DeKalb that sought to wrest the title of county seat away from Sycamore. Two of DeKalb's most prominent citizens, Jacob Haish and Isaac L. Ellwood, each promised to donate $20,000 to help absorb some of the new building's cost. The city of Sycamore responded, raising funds of their own, and after some back and forth and legal wrangling, the issue was settled in Sycamore's favor.[4]

Later settlement

[edit]

Following the end of the second county seat controversy, in 1839, the first DeKalb County Courthouse was built in the city, as well as Sycamore's first hotel. A year later the settlement consisted of 12 houses, which increased to 18 by 1844. Sycamore then began an era of steady growth marked by population increases in 1848 to 262, 1849 to 320, 1850 to 390, 1851 to 435.[3] The Sycamore and Cortland Railroad arrived in the late 1850s and a station was erected in Sycamore. Sycamore was home to 41 commercial and industrial business by 1855. In 1858, Sycamore was incorporated as a village. Following the American Civil War the railroad began to assist Sycamore's growth and the settlement was incorporated as a city in 1869.[3]

Maria Ridulph murder

[edit]

Sycamore is the location of a notable cold case, the 1957 abduction and murder of 7-year-old Maria Ridulph. On the evening of December 3, 1957, Maria disappeared while playing outside her family's Sycamore home. She was last seen by her playmate Kathy Chapman (née Sigman) with a young man who called himself "Johnny" and had approached the girls offering them piggyback rides. A search and investigation by local and state police and the FBI failed to locate either Maria or "Johnny", and the following April, Maria's body was found in a field approximately 100 miles from Sycamore. The case remained unsolved for over 50 years until in 2011, Jack Daniel McCullough, a former neighbor of the Ridulphs, was arrested and convicted of kidnapping and murdering Maria. The case received national news coverage as the oldest cold case in US history to result in a conviction.[6] However, in April 2016, McCullough's conviction was overturned and he was released from prison after a post-conviction review of the evidence indicated that he could not have committed the crime.[7][8]

2010 earthquake

[edit]

On the morning of February 10, 2010 at 3:59 a.m., Sycamore was near the epicenter of an earthquake. The shock had a moment magnitude of 3.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IV (Light).[9] It was felt 133 mi (214 km) away in Madison, Wisconsin. When the quake was first reported, it was thought Sycamore was the epicenter. However, revised data from the USGS determined the epicenter to be closer to Virgil. This was the first earthquake in Northern Illinois since an M4.2 (intensity V (Moderate)) event in 2004.[10]

Geography

[edit]

Sycamore is located along Illinois Route 64 (State Street in Sycamore) about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Rockford and 55 miles (89 km) west-northwest of Chicago. It is along the south bank of the East Branch of the South Branch Kishwaukee River in DeKalb County.[3]

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Sycamore has a total area of 10.18 square miles (26.37 km2), of which 10.12 square miles (26.21 km2) (or 99.43%) is land and 0.06 square miles (0.16 km2) (or 0.57%) is water.[11] The terrain in Sycamore and the surrounding area is gently rolling and contains rich soil which was originally heavily forested.[3]

Cityscape

[edit]

The commercial district of Sycamore is based on Illinois Route 64, and stretches about a mile down starting from the intersection of route 64 with Illinois Route 23 and ending at Center Cross Road. The district is composed of two-story shops, a bank, small movie theater, and former Midwest Museum of Natural History. The town also has the county courthouse, built in 1904, of limestone.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
Census Pop. Note
1850 338  
1860 1,271   276.0%
1870 1,967   54.8%
1880 3,028   53.9%
1890 2,987   −1.4%
1900 3,653   22.3%
1910 3,926   7.5%
1920 3,602   −8.3%
1930 4,021   11.6%
1940 4,702   16.9%
1950 5,912   25.7%
1960 6,961   17.7%
1970 7,843   12.7%
1980 9,219   17.5%
1990 9,708   5.3%
2000 12,020   23.8%
2010 17,519   45.7%
2020 18,577   6.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]

As of the 2020 census[2] there were 18,577 people, 7,083 households, and 4,602 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,825.21 inhabitants per square mile (704.72/km2). There were 7,792 housing units at an average density of 765.57 per square mile (295.59/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 83.03% White, 3.20% African American, 0.46% Native American, 2.25% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 3.50% from other races, and 7.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.31% of the population.

There were 7,083 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.45% were married couples living together, 14.85% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.03% were non-families. 27.05% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.19% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.12 and the average family size was 2.51.

The city's age distribution consisted of 24.8% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $65,924, and the median income for a family was $82,318. Males had a median income of $53,784 versus $35,290 for females. The per capita income for the city was $33,586. About 9.2% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.2% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

[edit]

Sycamore has never had a large manufacturing or industrial sector.[3] Among Sycamore's early industries were Marsh Harvester Manufacturing, R. Ellwood Manufacturing, and Sycamore Preserve Works. Marsh Harvester was established in 1859, Ellwood in 1875 and the preserve works in 1891. R. Ellwood Manufacturing relocated to DeKalb in 1891.[3]

Today, Ideal Industries is a privately owned manufacturer based in Sycamore.

Arts and culture

[edit]

Tourism

[edit]
The DeKalb County Courthouse lawn becomes a colorful display of pumpkins during the annual Sycamore Pumpkin Festival.

Sycamore is home to the annual Sycamore Pumpkin Festival, a pumpkin festival established in 1962 when local resident Wally Thurow began displaying pumpkins on his front lawn. The festival features many activities, a carnival, and a parade. The lawn of the DeKalb County Courthouse is the center of the event and includes a display of decorated and carved pumpkins.[13] The event attracts thousands to Sycamore from locations throughout northern Illinois, the Midwest, and the broader United States.[13][14][15]

The city is also home to the Sycamore Historic District, an architecturally interesting area containing over 200 individual properties.[16] The district was established in 1978 when it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The area is bounded in an irregular pattern along Main and Somonauk Streets but contains portions of several other streets and includes much of the downtown commercial district and residential areas north and south of downtown.[3] During the summer, the Sycamore Historical Society offers guided walking tours with a local historian.[17]

Sycamore is also home to the former Midwest Museum of Natural History, which featured a varied taxidermy collection and closed in February 2020.

The Great Western Trail (Illinois) passes through town.

Historic sites

[edit]

Government

[edit]
DeKalb County Courthouse (1905) in downtown Sycamore

Sycamore features a Council-Manager government. Policy is developed by an elected City Council and then implemented by an appointed professional City Manager. The Sycamore City Council consists of a Mayor elected at-large and eight Aldermen representing one of four wards (two per ward). The Mayor and Aldermen serve four year terms, with one Alderman from each ward being elected every two years.[18] Sycamore's current mayor is Steve Braser.[19]

Education

[edit]

Public schooling began in Sycamore as early as 1839, with classes held in the first DeKalb County Courthouse, a log building across the street from the courthouse's current location.[3][20] The city's first school building was built in 1853.[3] Current public education needs in Sycamore are provided by Sycamore Community Unit School District 427. The current Superintendent of Sycamore School District is Steve Wilder.[21] The district operates Sycamore High School, Sycamore Middle School, and five elementary schools. The newest elementary school, North Grove, opened in 2009 was built for access by the nearby subdivision.[22]

Transportation

[edit]

DeKalb Public Transit provides bus service on Routes 17, 18, 21 and 21T connecting Sycamore to downtown DeKalb and other destinations.[23]

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Wagner, Robert. "Sycamore Historic District Archived December 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine," (PDF), National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form, December 13, 1978, Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, accessed May 21, 2008.
  4. ^ a b c d Klein, Ron and McIntyre, Mac. "Looking Back at the DeKalb County Courthouse Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine," DeKalb County Online. Retrieved May 21, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c History of DeKalb County Courthouse Archived January 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, 16th Judicial Circuit, 2005. Retrieved May 21, 2008.
  6. ^ Greg Fisher, Judy Rybak, and Peter Henderson (producers) (May 24, 2014). 48 Hours Presents: Cold as Ice (documentary). CBS News. Archived from the original on April 24, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2016. Oldest cold case to go to trial in U.S. tests memories, forces family to expose deep, dark secrets in search of justice for murdered girl
  7. ^ O'Neill, Ann (April 15, 2016). "Judge Overturns 1957 Cold Case Murder Conviction; Jack McCullough Goes Free". Archived from the original on April 15, 2016. Retrieved April 15, 2016.
  8. ^ O'Neill, Ann (April 22, 2016). "Charges Dropped in 1957 Cold Case Murder". CNN. Archived from the original on April 22, 2016. Retrieved April 22, 2016.
  9. ^ USGS. "M3.8 - Illinois". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on January 12, 2018.
  10. ^ USGS. "M4.2 - Illinois". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on January 12, 2018.
  11. ^ "Gazetteer Files". Census.gov. Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  12. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  13. ^ a b Frillman, Carrie. "Pumpkin enthusiasts pack streets", Daily Chronicle (DeKalb, Illinois), October 28, 2007, accessed May 21, 2008.
  14. ^ McMurray, Andy. "Families travel from near and far to see Pumpkin Parade", Daily Chronicle (DeKalb, Illinois), October 30, 2006, accessed May 21, 2008.
  15. ^ Johnson, David. "Pumpkins aplent -- thousands gather for fest", Daily Chronicle (DeKalb, Illinois), October 26, 2002, accessed May 21, 2008.
  16. ^ Bigolin, Steve. "Welcome to a bright new town - Sycamore: A wealth of sites will be covered in this tour Archived May 31, 2009, at the Wayback Machine", Daily Chronicle (DeKalb, Illinois), August 14, 2006, accessed May 21, 2008.
  17. ^ Staff. "Year's last guided walking tour of the Sycamore Historic District is Sunday", Daily Chronicle (DeKalb, Illinois), August 27, 2007, accessed May 21, 2008.
  18. ^ "Mayor & Council". City of Sycamore. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
  19. ^ "City Council | Sycamore, IL". cityofsycamore.com. Retrieved September 19, 2024.
  20. ^ "DeKalb County Courthouse Archived August 31, 2006, at the Wayback Machine", Taming the Wild Prairie Digitization Project, 2004, Northern Illinois University, accessed May 21, 2008.
  21. ^ "Superintendent - Sycamore Community School District 427". www.syc427.org. Retrieved June 10, 2022.
  22. ^ "North Grove Home". Archived from the original on October 9, 2011. Retrieved October 25, 2009.
  23. ^ "Full Service Schedule". Retrieved January 27, 2024.
[edit]

 

 

 
Sycamore Public Library
 
Location Sycamore, DeKalb County, Illinois
Coordinates 41°59′19.4″N 88°41′1.8″W / 41.988722°N 88.683833°W / 41.988722; -88.683833
Built 1905
Architect Paul O. Moratz
Architectural style Classical Revival
Part of Sycamore Historic District (ID78003104[1])
Added to NRHP May 2, 1978

The Sycamore Public Library, in Sycamore, Illinois, was erected in 1905 in the former location of Mansion House, Sycamore's oldest structure. Construction began in May of that year and the library officially opened to the public on Thanksgiving Day, 1905.[2] The library joined the National Register of Historic Places in May 1978 with the rest of the Sycamore Historic District. The library still operates, as of 2019, as the Sycamore library. The library was erected with the help of a $10,000 grant from Andrew Carnegie in 1905.[3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ Johnson, Phyllis. Sycamore's library starts celebration of first 100 years , Daily Chronicle, 16 May 2005, Retrieved January 13, 2007.
  3. ^ Bigolin, Steve. The Sycamore Historic District: Location 7A, Daily Chronicle, 16 October 2006, Retrieved January 13, 2007.
[edit]

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